Wahai orang-orang yang beriman! Apabila kamu hendak melaksanakan salat, maka basuhlah wajahmu dan tanganmu sampai ke siku, dan sapulah kepalamu dan (basuh) kedua kakimu sampai ke kedua mata kaki. Jika kamu junub maka mandilah. Dan jika kamu sakit[265] atau dalam perjalanan atau kembali dari tempat buang air (kakus) atau menyentuh[266] perempuan, lalu kamu tidak memperoleh air, maka bertayamumlah dengan debu yang baik (suci); usaplah wajahmu dan tanganmu dengan (debu) itu. Allah tidak ingin menyulitkan kamu, tetapi Dia hendak membersihkan kamu dan menyempurnakan nikmat-Nya bagimu, agar kamu bersyukur.
Catatan penerjemah
[265] Sakit yang tidak boleh kena air.
[266] Menyentuh, menurut jumhur ialah "bersentuhan kulit." sedang sebagian mufasir mengartikan "bercampur sebagai suami istri."
Narrated Humran: (the slave of 'Uthman) I saw 'Uthman bin 'Affan asking for a tumbler of water (and when it was brought) he poured water over his hands and washed them thrice and then put his right hand in the water container and rinsed his mouth, washed his nose by putting water in it and then blowing it out. then he washed his face and forearms up to the elbows thrice, passed his wet hands over his head and washed his feet up to the ankles thrice. Then he said, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said 'If anyone performs ablution like that of mine and offers a two-rak'at prayer during which he does not think of anything else (not related to the present prayer) then his past sins will be forgiven.' "
Wahai orang-orang yang beriman! Apabila kamu hendak melaksanakan salat, maka basuhlah wajahmu dan tanganmu sampai ke siku, dan sapulah kepalamu dan (basuh) kedua kakimu sampai ke kedua mata kaki. Jika kamu junub maka mandilah. Dan jika kamu sakit[265] atau dalam perjalanan atau kembali dari tempat buang air (kakus) atau menyentuh[266] perempuan, lalu kamu tidak memperoleh air, maka bertayamumlah dengan debu yang baik (suci); usaplah wajahmu dan tanganmu dengan (debu) itu. Allah tidak ingin menyulitkan kamu, tetapi Dia hendak membersihkan kamu dan menyempurnakan nikmat-Nya bagimu, agar kamu bersyukur.
Catatan penerjemah
[265] Sakit yang tidak boleh kena air.
[266] Menyentuh, menurut jumhur ialah "bersentuhan kulit." sedang sebagian mufasir mengartikan "bercampur sebagai suami istri."
Wahai orang yang beriman! Janganlah kamu mendekati salat, ketika kamu dalam keadaan mabuk, sampai kamu sadar apa yang kamu ucapkan, dan jangan pula (kamu hampiri masjid ketika kamu) dalam keadaan junub kecuali sekedar melewati jalan saja, sebelum kamu mandi (mandi junub). Adapun jika kamu sakit atau sedang dalam perjalanan atau sehabis buang air atau kamu telah menyentuh perempuan,[196] sedangkan kamu tidak mendapat air, maka bertayamumlah kamu dengan debu yang baik (suci); usaplah wajahmu dan tanganmu dengan debu itu. Sungguh, Allah Maha Pemaaf, Maha Pengampun.
Catatan penerjemah
[196] Sebagian besar ulama menjelaskan arti menyentuh di sini adalah bersentuhan kulit, dan sebagian lain adalah bercampur sebagai suami istri.
Narrated `Aisha:Whenever the Prophet (ﷺ) took a bath after Janaba he started by washing his hands and then performed ablution like that for the prayer. After that he would put his fingers in water and move the roots of his hair with them, and then pour three handfuls of water over his head and then pour water all over his body.
[1] Yaumiddīn (hari pembalasan), hari waktu manusia menerima pembalasan amalnya, baik atau buruk. Disebut juga yaumul qiyāmah, yaumul hisab dan sebagainya.
(yaitu) jalan orang-orang yang telah Engkau beri nikmat kepadanya; bukan (jalan) mereka yang dimurkai, dan bukan (pula jalan) mereka yang sesat.[3]
Catatan penerjemah
[3] Mereka yang dimurkai, adalah mereka yang sengaja menentang ajaran Islam. Mereka yang sesat adalah mereka yang sengaja mengambil jalan lain selain ajaran Islam.
… The Prophet (ﷺ) then added, "Pray as you have seen me praying and when it is the time for the prayer one of you should pronounce the Adhan and the oldest of you should lead the prayer.
… The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "When you stand for Prayer say Takbir and then recite from the Holy Qur'an (of what you know by heart) and then bow till you feel at ease. Then raise your head and stand up straight, then prostrate till you feel at ease during your prostration, then sit with calmness till you feel at ease (do not hurry) and do the same in all your prayers.
… and would then bow and say: Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the same length of time as his standing (and then on returning to the standing posture after ruku') he would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he would then stand about the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He would then prostrate himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his prostration lasted nearly the same length of time as his standing.
Narrated Salim bin `Abdullah:My father said, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to raise both his hands up to the level of his shoulders when opening the prayer; and on saying the Takbir for bowing. And on raising his head from bowing he used to do the same and then say "Sami`a l-lahu liman hamidah, Rabbana wa laka l-hamd." And he did not do that (i.e. raising his hands) in prostrations.
… Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) looked back at us and said, 'Allah Himself is As-Salam (Peace), and if anyone of you prays then he should say, at-Tahiyatu li l-lahi wa ssalawatu wa t-taiyibat. As-salamu `alalika aiyuha n-Nabiyu wa rahmatu l-lahi wa barakatuh. Assalamu `alaina wa `ala `ibadi l-lahi s-salihin. (All the compliments, prayers and good things are due to Allah; peace be on you, O Prophet, and Allah's mercy and blessings [be on you]. Peace be on us an on the pious subjects of Allah). (If you say that, it will reach all the subjects in the heaven and the earth). Ash-hadu al-la ilaha illa l-lah, wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan `Abduhu wa Rasuluh. (I testify that there is no Deity [worthy of worship] but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is His slave and His Apostle).
… He said, 'Say: O Allah! Send Your Mercy on Muhammad and on the family of Muhammad, as You sent Your Mercy on Abraham and on the family of Abraham, for You are the Most Praise-worthy, the Most Glorious. O Allah! Send Your Blessings on Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent your Blessings on Abraham and on the family of Abraham, for You are the Most Praise-worthy, the Most Glorious.'
Narrated Abdullah ibn Mas'ud: The Prophet (ﷺ) used to give the salutation to his left and right sides until the whiteness of his cheek was seen, (saying: "Peace be upon you, and mercy of Allah" twice. …
Abu Huraira reported:The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: The nearest a servant comes to his Lord is when he is prostrating himself, so make supplication (in this state).
Wahai orang-orang yang beriman! Apabila telah diseru untuk melaksanakan salat pada hari Jumat, maka segeralah kamu mengingat Allah dan tinggalkanlah jual beli. Yang demikian itu lebih baik bagimu jika kamu mengetahui.
Narrated Salman-Al-Farsi:The Prophet (p.b.u.h) said, "Whoever takes a bath on Friday, purifies himself as much as he can, then uses his (hair) oil or perfumes himself with the scent of his house, then proceeds (for the Jumua prayer) and does not separate two persons sitting together (in the mosque), then prays as much as (Allah has) written for him and then remains silent while the Imam is delivering the Khutba, his sins in-between the present and the last Friday would be forgiven."
Narrated Abu Huraira:Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) (p.b.u.h) said, "When the Imam is delivering the Khutba, and you ask your companion to keep quiet and listen, then no doubt you have done an evil act."
Narrated Abu Huraira:Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) (p.b.u.h) talked about Friday and said, "There is an hour (opportune time) on Friday and if a Muslim gets it while praying and asks something from Allah, then Allah will definitely meet his demand." And he (the Prophet) pointed out the shortness of that time with his hands.
Kolom sunnah mengikuti Sahih al-Bukhari 1180 (sepuluh rakaat). Sahih Muslim 728 menyebut dua belas rakaat sehari; karena itu sebagian ulama salat empat rakaat sebelum Zuhur.
Dalil
حَفِظْتُ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَشْرَ رَكَعَاتٍ رَكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَهَا، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ فِي بَيْتِهِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ فِي بَيْتِهِ، وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ صَلاَةِ الصُّبْحِ
Narrated Ibn 'Umar: I remember ten Rakat of Nawafil from the Prophet, two Rakat before the Zuhr prayer and two after it; two Rakat after Maghrib prayer in his house, and two Rakat after 'Isha' prayer in his house, and two Rakat before the Fajr prayer and at that time nobody would enter the house of the Prophet. Hafsa told me that the Prophet (ﷺ) used to offer two Rakat after the call maker had made the Adhan and the day had dawned.
Umm Habiba (the wife of the Holy Prophet) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:A house will be built in Paradise, for anyone who prays in a day and a night twelve rak'ahs; and she added: I have never abandoned (observing them) since I heard it from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). Some of the other narrators said the same words: I have never abandoned (observing them) since I heard (from so and so).
Narrated Salim bin `Abdullah:My father said, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to raise both his hands up to the level of his shoulders when opening the prayer; and on saying the Takbir for bowing. And on raising his head from bowing he used to do the same and then say "Sami`a l-lahu liman hamidah, Rabbana wa laka l-hamd." And he did not do that (i.e. raising his hands) in prostrations.
Mengangkat tangan hanya saat takbiratul ihram (Hanafi dan satu riwayat dari Malik). Catatan: Abu Dawud sendiri mengomentari lafaz riwayat ini; al-Albani menilainya sahih.
Dalil
فَلَمْ يَرْفَعْ يَدَيْهِ إِلاَّ مَرَّةً
It was reported from Alqamah who said:Abdullah ibn Mas'ud said: Should I not pray for you the way the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prayed? So he prayed, raising his hands only once. Abu Dawud said: This is a summarized version of a longer narration and it is not authentic with this wording.
Keduanya diamalkan kaum muslimin; salat sah dengan keduanya.
Posisi bersedekap
Meletakkan tangan kanan di atas lengan kiri itu tetap (sahih). Ulama berbeda tentang letaknya: di dada, di bawah dada, atau di bawah pusar, masing-masing berdasarkan riwayat yang dianggap terkuat. Mazhab Maliki sering melepas tangan.
Narrated Sahl bin Sa`d:The people were ordered to place the right hand on the left forearm in the prayer. Abu Hazim said, "I knew that the order was from the Prophet (ﷺ) ."
Narrated Wa'il ibn Hujr: When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) recited the verse "Nor of those who go astray" (Surah al-Fatihah, verse 7), he would say Amin; and raised his voice (while uttering this word).
Wa'il bin Hujr narrated:"I heard the Prophet recite: (Not (the way) of those who earned Your anger, nor those who went astray) and he said: 'Amin.' And he stretched it out with his voice."